Seerah | Lecture 18 | The Aftermath of the Battle of Badr

The aftermath of the Battle of Badr involved the management of captives, the return of wealth, and the consolidation of the Muslim community in Madina. The Prophet Muhammad established a ransom of 4,000 dirhams for captives, though he released many without payment due to their inability to afford it. For those who were literate, he set the ransom at teaching ten children of Madina to read and write, emphasizing the importance of education. The period also saw the conversion of several individuals who were moved by the Prophet’s knowledge of the unseen, including those who had been present at Badr as opponents.

The Prophet Muhammad also addressed the security of Madina by dealing with the Jewish tribe of Banu Qaynuqa, who had breached their agreement with the Muslims. Following a period of siege, they were exiled from the city. Additionally, the Prophet led the community through the expedition known as Ghazwa-e-Sawiq, which occurred after Abu Sufyan attempted to raid the outskirts of Madina to avenge the losses at Badr. The year concluded with the marriage of the Prophet’s daughter, Sayyida Fatima, to Sayyiduna Ali, an event marked by the Prophet’s supplications for their protection and the blessing of their future offspring.

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Key topics & takeaways

Captives and Ransom

• Ransom amount — the Prophet fixed the ransom for captives at 4,000 dirhams per person ▸3:53
• Educational ransom — captives who could read and write were released upon teaching ten children of Madina to read and write ▸4:11
• Release without ransom — many captives were freed without payment because they could not afford the ransom ▸4:01
• Return of a necklace — the Prophet returned a necklace sent by his daughter Sayyida Zainab as ransom for her husband, Abul-Aas, because it held sentimental value as a remembrance of her mother, Sayyida Khadija ▸6:29

Conversion and Knowledge of the Unseen

• Qibath ibn Shiyam al-Kinani — he accepted Islam after the Prophet revealed that he knew of his private whispers on the battlefield regarding the retreat of the Quraish ▸13:10
• Harith ibn Abi Dirar — he accepted Islam after the Prophet identified the secret goods and camels he had brought with him for ransom, which no one else could have known ▸14:27
• Umair ibn Wahab — he accepted Islam after the Prophet recounted a secret pact he had made with Safwan ibn Umayya to assassinate the Prophet ▸21:35
• Definition of Nabi — the term refers to one who provides information of the unseen, a knowledge granted by Allah to His chosen messengers ▸16:09

The Battle of Badr

• Virtue of Badr participants — the Prophet stated that Allah has forgiven those who fought at Badr and that Paradise is mandatory for them ▸24:26
• Reconciliation — a Sahabi who committed a crime was forgiven by Sayyiduna Umar after the Prophet reminded him of the Sahabi’s participation in Badr ▸27:14

Relations with Banu Qaynuqa

• Breach of agreement — the tribe was exiled after they humiliated a Muslim woman and breached their peace treaty by supporting the enemies of Islam ▸30:12
• Surrender — after a 15-day siege, the tribe surrendered and was subsequently expelled from Madina ▸33:17

Ghazwa-e-Sawiq

• Abu Sufyan’s raid — Abu Sufyan led an army to the outskirts of Madina to seek revenge for Badr, destroying crops and killing a Muslim, Sayyiduna Sa'd ibn Amr ▸36:00
• Origin of the name — the expedition is called Ghazwa-e-Sawiq because the retreating army dropped their food supplies, which consisted of fine flour (sawiq), to increase their speed ▸36:55

Marriage of Sayyida Fatima

• Nikah ceremony — the Prophet performed the marriage of his daughter Sayyida Fatima to Sayyiduna Ali ▸37:31
• Prophetic blessing — after the Isha prayer, the Prophet sprinkled water used for his ablution over the couple and the house, praying for their protection and the protection of their children from the evil of Shaitan ▸38:39

Religious Obligations in the Second Year of Hijra

• Obligatory acts — fasting and zakat became mandatory during this year ▸39:58
• Eid prayers — the Prophet led the Eidul-Fitr and Eidul-Adha prayers in congregation ▸40:09
• Sadaqatul-Fitr — this charity became mandatory in the second year of Hijra ▸40:09